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Confusing words explained

“vagrant” vs “hobo” — What’s the Difference?

Hobo is informal/historical; vagrant is formal/legal

Key takeaway

Quick Difference: vagrant vs hobo

Hobo is informal/historical; vagrant is formal/legal

vagrant /ˈveɪɡrənt/ hobo /ˈhoʊboʊ/

vagrant vs hobo Side-by-Side Comparison

Meaning of vagrant

Noun B2 Formal
Meaning

a person without a fixed home or job who wanders from place to place

Short definition

Someone who has no permanent home and moves around looking for work or money.

Rule of thumb

Use in formal or legal contexts. In everyday speech, prefer 'homeless person'.

Examples
  • The city has programs to help vagrants find housing. B2 formal
  • He became a vagrant after losing his job and apartment. B2 written

Meaning of hobo

Noun B2 Informal
Meaning

A person without a permanent home who travels from place to place, often seeking work

Short definition

A homeless person who travels around looking for work and temporary shelter.

Rule of thumb

Use 'homeless person' in contemporary contexts; 'hobo' is outdated and informal.

Examples
  • He was a hobo looking for work. A2 daily
  • In the 1930s, many hobos traveled across America during the Great Depression. B2 academic

Usage Notes & Nuance

vagrant: Often has legal implications; term used in formal/legal contexts.

hobo: Associated with American Great Depression era; now considered dated; modern term 'homeless person' is preferred.

How to Remember the Difference

Vagrant is a legal label for someone without a home; hobo is a historic American worker who travelled by rail.

Common Mistakes with vagrant and hobo

Mistake with vagrant

Correct: a vagrant

Mistake with vagrant

Correct: He is a vagrant.

Mistake with hobo

Correct: Use 'homeless person' in contemporary contexts; 'hobo' is outdated

Mistake with hobo

Correct: Vagrant is legal terminology; hobo is informal colloquial term

Practice Quiz: vagrant or hobo?

Choose the word that best completes each real example sentence.

Question 1

He became a _____ after losing his job and apartment.

Question 2

A _____ asked for spare change at the bus station.

Question 3

He was a _____ looking for work.

Pick at least one answer, then press Check answers to see how you did.

Frequently Asked Questions About vagrant vs hobo

What’s the difference between “vagrant” and “hobo”?

Hobo is informal/historical; vagrant is formal/legal

When should I use “vagrant”?

Use in formal or legal contexts. In everyday speech, prefer 'homeless person'.

When should I use “hobo”?

Use 'homeless person' in contemporary contexts; 'hobo' is outdated and informal.

How can I remember vagrant vs hobo?

Vagrant is a legal label for someone without a home; hobo is a historic American worker who travelled by rail.

Is it “vagrant” or “hobo” in example sentences?

Use the quiz above to test the pair with real example sentences from the available word data.

Explore vagrant and hobo Individually